681. In small bowel obstruction:
A. local ischemia may occur in the dilated proximal segment due to elevated intraluminal pressure
B. Vomiting & hypotension is mediated by visceral afferent in the distended segment
C. Severe metabolic alkalosis may occur
D. All of the above
E. None ofthe above

682. Which of the following type of intestinal contraction is only seen in the colon?
A. Peristalsis
B. Segmental contraction
C. Massive contraction
D. Tonic contraction
E. All of the above

683. Which of the following statement is FALSE?
A. 90% water of colonic content is reabsorped in the large bowel
B. Sodium is actively reabsorped in colon
C. Water intoxication may result from large volume of enema
D. Longest intestinal transit time occurs in the ascending colon
E. All of the above

684. Basal metabolic rate of the average human is:
A. 500 kcal/day
B. 1000 kcal/day
C. 1500 kcal/day
D. 2000 kcal/day
E. 2500 kcal/day

685. Metabolic rate can be affected by:
A. Thyroid hormone
B. Catecholamines
C. Body temperature
D. Food ingested
E. All of the above

686. Which of the following is FALSE?
A. Basal metabolic rate is lower in female than male
B. Depressed patient has lower basal metabolic rate
C. Children have smaller relative basal metabolic rate
D. Basal metabolic rate increases 14% for each celcius degree offever
E. Basal caloric requirement of the average adult is 2000 kcal/day.

687. Which of the following regarding ATP is TRUE?
A. Hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP releases 10-12 kcal.
B. Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the cytoplasm
C. Rate of oxidative phosphorylation is only limited by the availability of oxygen.
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

688. Which of the following regarding carbohydrate metabolism is INCORRECT?
A. Glucokinase is only present in liver
B. Both hexokinase &glucokinase are stimulated by insulin
C. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate & lactate
D. Most abundant stores of glycogen is in muscle & liver
E. None of the above

689. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Adrenaline stimulates phosphorylase, leading to increased blood glucose & lactate
B. Glucagon causes hyperglycemia without increased blood lactate
C. Glucose-6-phosphatase is only found in the liver & muscle
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

690. Which of the following regarding glucose is INCORRECT?
A. Renal threshold for glucose is reached when venous glucose level reaches IS0mg/dL.
B. Normal fasting glucose is 3.9-6.1 mmol/dL
C. Glycosuria only occurs in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
D. Maximal glucose absorption from the intestine occurs at 120g/hr.
E. All of the above.