941. The following substance lead to increased sodium reabsorption in kidney:
A. Aldosterone
B. Vasopressin
C. ANP
D. PgE2
E. All of the above

942. In the kidney, potassium secretion occurs in:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting ducts
E. Potassium is not secreted into renal tubules

943. Which of the following diuretics act on the proximal convoluted tubule:
A. Acetazolamide
B. Frusemide
C. Chlorthiazide
D. Mannitol
E. Amiloride

944. Which of the following injury will lead to a large volume, hypotonic bladder?
A. Transection of afferent pelvic nerve from bladder
B. Transection of both afferent pelvic nerve & efferent parasympathetic nerve to bladder
C. Transection of brain stem above midbrain
D. Transection of brain stem above pons
E. None of the above

945. Which of the following is NOT an extracellular buffer system?
A. Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system
B. Dibasic phosphate system
C. Plasma protein
D. Hemoglobin (Histidine residues)
E. None of the above

946. Hydrogen ion is NOT secreted in the following part of the nephron:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting ducts
E. None of the above

947. Hydrogen ion secretion in proximal convoluted tubule uses:
A. Passive diffusion
B. Proton pump
C. WIK+ exchange
D. W/Na+ exchange
E. None of the above

948. In the renal tubules, bicarbonate is responsible for buffering hydrogen ion in:
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Loop of Henle
C. Distal convoluted tubule
D. Collecting ducts
E. None of the above

949. Hydrogen ion secretion in the renal tubules is facilitated by the following:
A. l’ PaC02
B. -J..-Extracellular potassium
C. Hyperaldosteronism
D. Corticosteroids
E. All of the above

950. Normal Anion Gap is approximately:
A. 0mmol/L
B. 1-5 mmollL
C. 5-1 0 mmollL
D. 10-15 mmollL
E. 15-2 0 mmollL