1001. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
A. Pharmacological effects of drugs
B. Unwanted effects of drugs
C. Chemical structure of a medicinal agent
D. Distribution of drugs in the organism

1002. What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
A. Localization of drug action
B. Mechanisms of drug action
C. Excretion of substances
D. Interaction of substances

1003. The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is:
A. Active transport (carrier-mediated diffusion)
B. Filtration (aqueous diffusion)
C. Endocytosis and exocytosis
D. Passive diffusion (lipid diffusion)

1004. What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?
A. Lipid-soluble
B. Non-ionized substances
C. Hydrophobic substances
D. Hydrophilic substances

1005. A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property:
A. Low ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids
B. Penetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis
C. Easy permeation through the blood-brain barrier
D. High reabsorption in renal tubules

1006. What is implied by «active transport»?
A. Transport of drugs trough a membrane by means of diffusion
B. Transport without energy consumption
C. Engulf of drug by a cell membrane with a new vesicle formation
D. Transport against concentration gradient

1007. What does the term “bioavailability” mean?
A. Plasma protein binding degree of substance
B. Permeability through the brain-blood barrier
C. Fraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration
D. Amount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze

1008. The reasons determing bioavailability are:
A. Rheological parameters of blood
B. Amount of a substance obtained orally and quantity of intakes
C. Extent of absorption and hepatic first-pass effect
D. Glomerular filtration rate

1009. Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimized:
A. Oral
B. Transdermal
C. Rectal
D. Intraduodenal

1010. What is characteristic of the oral route?
A. Fast onset of effect
B. Absorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function
C. A drug reaches the blood passing the liver
D. The sterilization of medicinal forms is obligator