421. What is the term for a system that is designed such that the faults in the delivered software do not result in system failure ?
A. Fault Avoidance
B. Fault detection
C. Fault tolerance
D. None of the mentioned

422. The use of a well-defined, repeatable process is essential if faults in a system are to be minimized ?
A. True
B. False

Explanation:
The answer is self explanatory.

423. What is a Range check ?
A. Check that the input does not exceed some maximum size e.g. 40 characters for a name
B. Check that the input falls within a known range
C. Use information about the input to check if it is reasonable rather than an extreme value
D. None of the mentioned

424. Exception handling is a mechanism to provide some fault avoidance ?
A. True
B. False

Explanation:
Exception handling is a mechanism to provide some fault tolerance

425. Which of the following is not a Protection system ?
A. System to stop a train if it passes a red light
B. System to indicate not returning of the library book
C. System to shut down a reactor if temperature/pressure are too high
D. None of the mentioned

Explanation:
A Protection system is a specialized system that is associated with some other control system, which can take emergency action if a failure occurs.

426. Which of the following is a bad practice of Dependable programming ?
A. Limit the visibility of information in a program
B. Check array bounds
C. Check all inputs for validity
D. None of the mentioned

Explanation:
All the options are good practices to achieve Dependability Engineering.

427. Which of the following is a layer of protection for Security ?
A. Platform-level protection
B. Application-level protection
C. Record-level protection
D. All of the mentioned

428. What are security controls ?
A. Controls that are intended to ensure that attacks are unsuccessful
B. Controls that are intended to detect and repel attacks
C. Controls that are intended to support recovery from problems
D. All of the mentioned

Explanation:
All the options define a security control property

429. Controls that are intended to ensure that attacks are unsuccessful is analogous to ______________ in dependability engineering?
A. Fault avoidance
B. Fault tolerance
C. Fault detection
D. Fault Recovery

Explanation:
In Fault avoidance the system is developed in such a way that human error is avoided and thus system faults are minimised.

430. Security engineering is only concerned with maintenance of systems such that they can resist malicious attacks ?
A. True
B. False

Explanation:
Security engineering is concerned with maintenance as well as development of such systems.

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