411. Which of the following is not a functional reliability requirement for a system ?
A. Checking requirements
B. Recovery requirements
C. Redundancy requirements
D. Ambiguous requirements

Explanation:
All the options are correct except option d

412. Which reliability requirements are concerned with maintaining copies of the system ?
A. Checking requirements
B. Recovery requirements
C. Redundancy requirements
D. Ambiguous requirements

Explanation:
These requirements are geared to helping the system recover after a failure has occurred.

413. To specify security requirements, one should identify the risks that are to be dealt with ?
A. True
B. False

Explanation:
To specify security requirements, one should identify the assets that are to be dealt with.

414. Which reliability metric sets out the probable number of system failures that are likely to be observed relative to a certain time period ?
A. POFOD
B. ROCOF
C. AVAIL
D. None of the mentioned

Explanation:
Rate of occurrence of failures (ROCOF) sets out the probable number of system failures that are likely to be observed relative to the number of system executions.

415. At which stage of risk analysis specification, the additional security requirements take account of the technologies used in building the system and system design and implementation decisions ?
A. Preliminary risk analysis
B. Life-cycle risk analysis
C. Operational risk analysis
D. All of the mentioned

Explanation:
This risk assessment takes place during the system development life cycle after design choices have been made..

416. Consider a case where the failure of the system causes damage to the system itself or it data. What type of failure is being described here ?
A. Loss of service
B. Incorrect service delivery
C. System/data corruption
D. None of the mentioned

417. Which of the following examples does not involve dependability engineering ?
A. Medical Systems
B. Power Systems
C. Library Management
D. Telecommunications

Explanation:
Software customers expect all software to be dependable. However, for non-critical applications such as certain management systems, they may be willing to accept some system failures.

418. Which process characteristic with respect to Dependability Engineering is mentioned by the statement: “The process should be understandable by people apart from process participants” ?
A. Diverse
B. Documentable
C. Auditable
D. None of the mentioned

Explanation:
It means that process standards are being followed and make suggestions for process improvement.

419. Which of the following is a Strategy to achieve Software diversity ?
A. Different programming languages
B. Different design methods and tools
C. Explicit specification of different algorithms
D. All of the mentioned

Explanation:
Diversity means to provide the same functionality in different ways so that critical components of a dependable system will not fail in the same way.

420. What is the term for development process organised such that faults in the system are detected and repaired before delivery to the customer ?
A. Fault Avoidance
B. Fault detection
C. Fault tolerance
D. None of the mentioned

Explanation:
In Fault Avoidance, the system is developed in such a way that human error is avoided and thus system faults are minimised.

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