541. In developmental psychology, the term nature refers to _____ factors that influence development.
A. Biological
B. Environmental
C. Physical
D. All of these
E. None of these

542. In the study of development, the most important biological factor is __________ the systematic physical growth of the body, including the nervous system.
A. Maturation
B. Hormones
C. Growth factors
D. Environment
E. None of these

543. A biologically determined period in the life of some animals during which certain forms of learning can take place most easily is called a:
A. Stage
B. Milestone
C. Critical period
D. Landmark
E. None of these

544. ________ is distinguished for major stages of cognitive development, the sensorimotor, the preoperational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage.
A. Jean Piaget
B. John Bowlby
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Harry Harlow
E. None of these

545. Kohlberg’s theory of moral development was criticized by Gilligan primarily because:
A. The data did not support his conclusions
B. It was based on a study of boys only
C. It was done so long ago
D. His subjects consisted of urban children only
E. None of these

546. The rapid increase in weight and height that occurs around the onset of puberty is known as the:
A. Maturation stage
B. Physical development stage
C. Adolescent growth spurt
D. Menarche
E. None of these

547. The ________ stage is characterized by an ability to use abstract concepts:
A. Concrete operational
B. Formal operational
C. Preoperational
D. Operational
E. None of these

548. We are more likely to experience which of the following during adolescence than at any other time in our lives?
A. Moodiness
B. Parent-child conflicts
C. Risky behaviour
D. All of these
E. None of these

549. A therapist who encourages clients to relate their dreams and searches for the unconscious roots of their problems is drawn from:
A. Psychoanalysis
B. Humanistic therapies
C. Person-centered therapy
D. Cognitive therapy
E. None of these

550. Compared to psychoanalytic therapists, humanistic therapists are more likely to emphasize:
A. Hidden or repressed feelings
B. Childhood experiences
C. Psychological disorders
D. Self-Fulfillment & growth
E. None of these