451. How is the ‘national interest’s defined/determined by Realists?
A. States define national interest depending on what its people’s priorities are
B. States prioritize national interests insofar as they guarantee the state’s survival
C. Realists see national interest as homologous to regional interests
D. National interest is determined by its degree of economic profitability

452. How does Realism understand the concept of power?
A. Power is based on economic strength
B. Power is a relational concept
C. Power is a relative concept
D. Both (b) and (c)

453. How important is the security dilemma for realist understandings of world politics?
A. Very important, as it determines how, or if, a balance of power emerges
B. Very important, as it determines if balance of power emerges naturally or must be constructed
C. Important, but not crucial to realist understandings of world politics
D. Both (a) and (b)

454. What is understood by ‘survival’?
A. The need to provide shelter, nutrition and education in a state
B. It is the supreme national interest to which all political leaders must adhere
C. The primary objective of all states
D. Both (b) and (c)

455. Realists are:
A. Advocates of aggressive foreign policy and war
B. Supporters of war when it is necessary to further a rational understanding of the national interest
C. Concerned with economic development only
D. Afraid terrorism will make the world a less secure place

456. What is the state of war?
A. A state that is aggressive and always building up its military
B. The conditions when there is no actual conflict but a permanent cold war that could become a ‘real’ war at any time
C. A situation in which several or neighboring states are at war
D. None of the above

457. What are the reasons to think that the 21st century will be a realist century?
A. Africa is still plagued by civil conflict
B. Europe continues to be divided by national interests
C. Human rights assumptions are increasingly seen as a Western agenda backed by economic dollars and military divisions
D. Both (b) and (c)

458. The claims of liberalism are:
A. All citizens are juridically equal and have equal rights to education, access to free press, religious tolerance
B. The legislative assembly of the state possess only those powers vested in it by the people
C. Liberty of the individual is the right to own property including productive forces
D. All of the above

459. Neo-liberals share with neo-realists their belief in:
A. The anarchic international structure and centrality of states
B. Theory of international regimes
C. That anarchy does not mean durable patterns of cooperation are impossible
D. All of the above

460. According to David Held what would a ‘cosmopolitan model of democracy’ entail?
A. The creation of regional parliaments
B. Human rights conventions must be entrenched into national parliaments and monitored by a new International Court of Human Rights
C. Reform and/or replacement of the UN with a more accountable global parliaments and monitored by a new International Court of Human Rights
D. All of the above